NFT Trades

The NFT Trades project, developed by TopLedger, extracts NFT trades from different Solana exchanges, such as Tensor, MagicEden, or HadeSwap.

About TopLedger

TopLedger is SQL-based data discovery and analytics platform focused on Solana. By using Substreams, TopLedger has been able to extract data from the main Solana dapps, thus providing rich analytics products.

TopLedger is an active contributor to the Substreams community and has developed several useful ready-to-use Substreams.

Before You Begin

The NFT Trades Substreams requires medium to advanced Substreams knowledge. If this is the first time you are using Substreams, make sure you:

• Read the Develop Substreams section, which will teach you the basics of the developing Substreams modules.

• Complete the Explore Solana tutorial, which will assist you in understanding the main pieces of the Solana Substreams.

Clone the TopLedger Solana Programs project and navigate to the nft-trades folder, which contains the code of the Substreams.

Inspect the Project

The Substreams contains only one module, map_block:

modules:
  - name: map_block
    kind: map
    inputs:
      - source: sf.solana.type.v1.Block
    output:
      type: proto:sf.solana.nft.trades.v1.Output

The Output object provided as the Substreams output is defined in the proto/output.proto file:

message Output {
  repeated TradeData data = 1;
}

message TradeData {
  required string block_date = 1;
  required int64 block_time = 2;
  required uint64 block_slot = 3;
  required string tx_id = 4;
  required uint64 txn_fee = 5;
  required string mint = 6;
  required double amount = 7;
  required string category = 8;
  required string buyer = 9;
  required string seller = 10;
  required double taker_fee = 11;
  required double maker_fee = 12;
  required double amm_fee = 13;
  required double royalty = 14;
  required string instruction_type = 15;
  required uint32 instruction_index = 16;
  required string outer_program = 17;
  required string inner_program = 18;
  required uint32 inner_instruxtion_index = 19;
  required bool is_inner_instruction = 20;
  required string platform = 21;
  required string currency_mint = 22;
}

The TradeData object contains information about every trade executed, such as amount, buyer or seller.

Every exchange handles data differently, so there is no unique way to decode the data. Therefore, it is necessary to create a custom decode function for every exchange supported by the Substreams. If you navigate to the nft-trades/dapps folder, you will find a file for every exchange.

NFT Trades Dapps Files

Every dapp file has a parse_trade_instruction function, which is responsible for decoding the data.

Run the Substreams

You can use the Substreams CLI to run the project:

substreams gui -e mainnet.sol.streamingfast.io:443 \
    substreams.yaml map_block -s 200321235 -t +1

Substreams Execution in the GUI

Inspect the Code

The src/lib.rs file contains the declaration of the Substreams module, map_block. This function is executed for every block of the blockchain.

fn map_block(block: Block) -> Result<Output, substreams::errors::Error> {
    let slot = block.slot;
    let parent_slot = block.parent_slot;
    let timestamp = block.block_time.as_ref().unwrap().timestamp;

    let mut data: Vec<TradeData> = vec![]; // 1.

    for trx in block.transactions_owned() { // 2. 
        let accounts = trx.resolved_accounts_as_strings(); // 3.
        if let Some(transaction) = trx.transaction { // 4.
            let meta = trx.meta.unwrap();
            let pre_balances = meta.pre_balances;
            let post_balances = meta.post_balances;
            let pre_token_balances = meta.pre_token_balances;
            let post_token_balances = meta.post_token_balances;

            let msg = transaction.message.unwrap();

            for (idx, inst) in msg.instructions.into_iter().enumerate() { // 5.
                let program = &accounts[inst.program_id_index as usize]; // 6.

                let trade_data = get_trade_data( // 7.
                    program,
                    inst.data,
                    &inst.accounts,
                    &accounts,
                    &pre_balances,
                    &post_balances,
                    &meta.log_messages,
                    &post_token_balances,
                );
            
                // ...code omitted...
            }
        }
    }
}

1. Create an array of TradeData objects, where the trading data will be stored.

2. Iterate over the transactions of the block.

3. Get accounts of the transaction (the resolved_accounts() method contains also accounts stored in the Address Lookup Tables).

4. Unwrap transaction

5. Iterate over the instructions of the transaction.

6. Get the program account. The instruction.program_id_index indicates the position of the program account in the accounts array.

7. Pass the data to the get_trade_data function. This function verifies if the instruction executed is from one of the NFT exchanges that you want to track. The return type is Option<TradeData>. The Option will only be populated if the instruction belongs to one of the NFT exchanges.

Because every exchange handles the NFT data differently, there must be a custom decoding function for every exchange. The dapps folder of the project contains a file for every exchange, declaring the parse_trade_instruction function.

fn get_trade_data(
    dapp_address: &String,
    instruction_data: Vec<u8>,
    account_indices: &Vec<u8>,
    accounts: &Vec<String>,
    pre_balances: &Vec<u64>,
    post_balances: &Vec<u64>,
    log_messages: &Vec<String>,
    post_token_balances: &Vec<TokenBalance>,
) -> Option<TradeData> {
    let input_accounts = prepare_input_accounts(account_indices, accounts); // 1.

    let mut result = None;
    match dapp_address.as_str() { // 2.
        "TSWAPaqyCSx2KABk68Shruf4rp7CxcNi8hAsbdwmHbN" => { // 3. Tensor
            result =
                dapps::dapp_TSWAPaqyCSx2KABk68Shruf4rp7CxcNi8hAsbdwmHbN::parse_trade_instruction( // 4.
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    log_messages,
                );
        }
        "M2mx93ekt1fmXSVkTrUL9xVFHkmME8HTUi5Cyc5aF7K" => { // 4. MagicEden
            result =
                dapps::dapp_M2mx93ekt1fmXSVkTrUL9xVFHkmME8HTUi5Cyc5aF7K::parse_trade_instruction(
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    accounts,
                    log_messages,
                    post_token_balances,
                );
        }
        "hadeK9DLv9eA7ya5KCTqSvSvRZeJC3JgD5a9Y3CNbvu" => { // 5. HadeSwap
            result =
                dapps::dapp_hadeK9DLv9eA7ya5KCTqSvSvRZeJC3JgD5a9Y3CNbvu::parse_trade_instruction(
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    accounts,
                    pre_balances,
                    post_balances,
                )
        }
        "mmm3XBJg5gk8XJxEKBvdgptZz6SgK4tXvn36sodowMc" => { // 6. MMM
            result =
                dapps::dapp_mmm3XBJg5gk8XJxEKBvdgptZz6SgK4tXvn36sodowMc::parse_trade_instruction(
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    accounts,
                    pre_balances,
                    post_balances,
                    log_messages,
                );
        }
        "CJsLwbP1iu5DuUikHEJnLfANgKy6stB2uFgvBBHoyxwz" => {  // 7. Solanart
            result =
                dapps::dapp_CJsLwbP1iu5DuUikHEJnLfANgKy6stB2uFgvBBHoyxwz::parse_trade_instruction(
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    accounts,
                    pre_balances,
                    post_balances,
                    log_messages,
                );
        }
        "SNPRohhBurQwrpwAptw1QYtpFdfEKitr4WSJ125cN1g" => { // 8. Sniper Market
            result =
                dapps::dapp_SNPRohhBurQwrpwAptw1QYtpFdfEKitr4WSJ125cN1g::parse_trade_instruction(
                    instruction_data,
                    input_accounts,
                    accounts,
                    pre_balances,
                    post_balances,
                    log_messages,
                );
        }
        _ => {} // 9.
    }

    return result;
}

1. Based on the account_indices parameter passed, create an in-order array of accounts.

2. The dapp_address parameter passed is the program account. For every NFT program, you handle the decoding differently.

3. For example, the TSWAPaqyCSx2KABk68Shruf4rp7CxcNi8hAsbdwmHbN account represents the Tensor exchange.

4. If the program account does not match any of the NFT exchanges, then an empty Option<TradeData> object is returned.